2025MBA報考測評申請中......

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導讀:考研英語(yǔ)長(cháng)難句拆分要遵循這樣的原則:把主句和從句拆分出來(lái),把主干部分和修飾部分拆分出來(lái)。但是遇到長(cháng)難句時(shí),具體要從哪些地方切入進(jìn)行拆分呢?

其實(shí)英語(yǔ)里的所有句子,不管句子多長(cháng),結構多么復雜,看起來(lái)多難,無(wú)外乎是由英語(yǔ)中的8種句子成分(即:主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ))組合而成,或者說(shuō)是在英語(yǔ)中的5種基本句型(即:主謂結構、主謂賓結構、主系表結構、主謂雙賓結構、主謂賓賓補結構)的框架之上添加修飾成分擴展而來(lái)的,所以只要掌握了長(cháng)難句拆分的方法,再長(cháng)再難的句子就都迎刃而解了。

★考研英語(yǔ)長(cháng)難句拆分信號:

1、標點(diǎn)符號:

比如,2個(gè)逗號形成插入語(yǔ),破折號表示解釋說(shuō)明,分號相當于"and"表示并列;

2、連詞:

并列句的并列連詞and、or、but、yet、for等,從句的從屬連詞which、that、when、how、if等;

3、介詞:

介詞引導介詞短語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中可充當定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等修飾成分;

4、不定式符號to:

不定式符號to引導不定式短語(yǔ),在句子中除了可以充當主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補語(yǔ)等主干成分外,還可做定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等修飾成分;

5、分詞:

分詞包括現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞,在句子中可充當定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)修飾成分。

★實(shí)戰演練

This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

(1)句子拆分

拆分點(diǎn):從屬連詞、介詞、標點(diǎn)符號

This trend began ∥during the Second World War, ∥ when several governments came to the conclusion ∥that the specific demands ∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen ∥in detail

(2)句子結構

找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(began, came, wants, cannot be foreseen)

找連詞(when, that, that)

前面沒(méi)有從屬連詞的動(dòng)詞即為主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

確定主從句

主句:This trend began during the Second World War ;

從句:定語(yǔ)從句when several governments came to the conclusion修飾the Second World War,本從句嵌套著(zhù)一個(gè)二級從句即同位語(yǔ)從句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修飾conclusion和一個(gè)三級從句that引導的定語(yǔ)從句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands。

(3)解析

during the Second World War(介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ))when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail (做定語(yǔ)修飾)the Second World War ;that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail(同位語(yǔ)從句修飾)conclusion ;that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment(修飾)demands。

(4)本句的參考譯文

這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰期間,當時(shí)一些國家的政府得出結論:政府向科研機構提出的要求通常是無(wú)法詳盡預見(jiàn)的。

總之,只要考生對句子結構有個(gè)透徹的理解,弄清句子的各個(gè)成分,并可以借助連詞、介詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等手段把句子由簡(jiǎn)單變得復雜,由復雜變得簡(jiǎn)單,這樣句子結構分析技能提高了,長(cháng)難句也就攻克了,對于考研閱讀和翻譯的理解也就簡(jiǎn)單了。