2025MBA報考測評申請中......

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  無(wú)論是英譯漢還是漢譯英,都提出“忠實(shí)”、“通順”為其基本標準,這是大家所公認的。雖然英譯漢和漢譯英都以“忠實(shí)”、“通順”為其標準,但并不等于它們之間沒(méi)有差異,更不等于它們沒(méi)有各自的特點(diǎn)。

  比如,字面和實(shí)質(zhì)往往有很大的差距,“七嘴八舌”就不能譯成“七張嘴八條舌頭”,“寒暄”也不能譯成“寒冷的談話(huà)”,“干脆”也不宜譯成“又干又脆”,“在朋友面前我只感到慚愧”(巴金《朋友》),也不宜說(shuō)成“羞愧”(ashamed),實(shí)指“不好意思”(illatease)。

  下面,社科賽斯MBA輔導老師詳細為大家介紹如何進(jìn)行長(cháng)句的翻譯,首先要進(jìn)行斷句,漢語(yǔ)的斷句是個(gè)難點(diǎn)漢語(yǔ)是形散意連,斷句不如英語(yǔ)那樣嚴格。如何劃分漢語(yǔ)的句界之間的關(guān)系,在很多情況下要取決于讀者的語(yǔ)感和對語(yǔ)句的理解,

  如:每一個(gè)人,作為社會(huì )的一個(gè)成員,有權享受其人格和尊嚴的自由發(fā)展所必需的社會(huì )、經(jīng)濟、文化權利,這些權利是通過(guò)國家努力和國際合作來(lái)實(shí)現的,并且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。

  對于這種比較復雜的中文句子,在正式翻譯成英文句子之前,應當按照它的含義,將它劃分成不同的部分,以便我們確定英文句子的結構。首先將這個(gè)中文句子劃分成6個(gè)部分,請特別注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中間。\

 ?、倜恳粋€(gè)人,②作為社會(huì )的一個(gè)成員,③有權享受 [④其人格和尊嚴的自由發(fā)展所必需的] 社會(huì )、經(jīng)濟、文化權利,⑤這些權利是通過(guò)國家努力和國際合作來(lái)實(shí)現的,⑥并且與所在國家的組織、資源、現狀相一致。

  
  這樣劃分之后,可以初步?jīng)Q定,將第4、5、6部分翻譯成三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)修飾第3部分的最后一個(gè)單詞rights:

 ?、貳veryone

 ?、赼s a member of society

 ?、踚s entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  
 ?、躻hich are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

 ?、輜hich are realized through national effort and international cooperation

 ?、辸hich are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.  

  不過(guò),在英語(yǔ)中,通常是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,很少有三個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)名詞,因此我臨時(shí)決定,將第4部分改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)短語(yǔ),將第5、6部分合并成一個(gè)定語(yǔ)句子,請看:

  
 ?、貳veryone

 ?、赼s a member of society

 ?、踚s entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

  
 ?、躰ecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

 ?、輜hich are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  
  最后,將這5個(gè)部分組合起來(lái),就是這個(gè)中文句子的英文譯文。

  
  Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

  
  另提供一版本如下:

  
  Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.