2025MBA報考測評申請中......

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導讀:

  熟悉真題的同學(xué)們肯定知道,it在英語(yǔ)中尤其是閱讀和翻譯中往往作用巨大。It分為兩種情況,一種是指代性it,另一種則為非指代性it。如下,社科賽斯MBA輔導老師為大家介紹it的幾種用法。

  指代性it一般是指人稱(chēng)代詞it, it作人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)可指代事物、動(dòng)物、嬰兒、未知的人或一件事。

  例句1:It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. 這句話(huà)中第二個(gè)it就是指代前面的theory。這是一個(gè)許多經(jīng)濟學(xué)家贊同的理論,但是在實(shí)際中,它往往會(huì )使得鐵路處于一個(gè)決定哪些公司會(huì )興旺,哪些公司會(huì )衰敗的地位中。

  例句2: Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems. 在這句話(huà)中,it指代a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected 這一情況。除非這些問(wèn)題得到解決,研究行為的技術(shù)手段就會(huì )繼續受到排斥,解決問(wèn)題的唯一方法也可能隨之受到排斥。

  第二種情況是非指代性it。非指代性it是相對于作人稱(chēng)代詞的it而言的。他們往往沒(méi)有具體意義上的主語(yǔ),它用于表示氣候、溫度、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離等。非指代性it常作seem, appear, look, happen, occur, follow等動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ),構成特定的句型。

  例句:From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.這句中it沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義,為非指代性用法,that引導表語(yǔ)從句。從熱點(diǎn)人口分析中可以看出,非洲板塊是靜止不動(dòng)的,而且在過(guò)去的三百萬(wàn)年中也從未移動(dòng)過(guò)。

  當然,在考研考試中,it的重難點(diǎn)更加具體和明確。

  it 做先行詞。it做形式主語(yǔ)或者形式賓語(yǔ)。It作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí),往往放在句首,將真正的主語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句)放在之后。其中it可作形式主語(yǔ)指代不定式,這時(shí)常見(jiàn)的謂語(yǔ)有:take, pay, make, cost, require, feel, annoy, need等。另外,it形式主語(yǔ)指代It形式主語(yǔ)指代從句,而且主要形式為It is+a.+than; It is+n.+that; It is+done+that; It+vi+that;

  例如:It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspaper.

  It做形式賓語(yǔ)是放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)之間,指代不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等。后接it作形式賓語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有:feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, suppose, think, deem, regard, count等。

  引導強調句的it。同學(xué)們所熟悉的強調句型中,它的基本形式就是“it+be的某種形式+that/who從句”。當被強調部分是人時(shí)須用who, 其他情況用that。例句:Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. 在because從句中就運用了it was ….that的強調句型,強調部分為the Federal Circuit itself. 對商業(yè)方法專(zhuān)利申請的限制將會(huì )是一個(gè)巨大的改變,因為這些專(zhuān)利正是聯(lián)邦巡回法院自己在1998年審理一個(gè)被稱(chēng)作“美國道富銀行”的案件時(shí)提出的,判決中巡回法院批準了一項共同基金資產(chǎn)集資方法的專(zhuān)利。